F05 — Archaeological Investigation Report: Ha D1-D2 Princely/Furstensitz Male (620-500 BC)

Anchor Burial: Hochdorf Chieftain (c. 530 BC, Ha D1/D2)

The Hochdorf chieftain’s grave near Eberdingen-Hochdorf, Baden-Wurttemberg, excavated by Jorg Biel in 1978-1979 (Biel 1985), is the single best-preserved and most thoroughly published princely burial of the entire Hallstatt period. Because the tumulus had been levelled by ploughing and was therefore unrecognised, it escaped the looting that devastated virtually every other Furstengrab. The central chamber (4.7 x 4.7 m, timber-lined) contained an undisturbed inhumation of a male individual approximately 1.87 m tall, aged 40-50 years at death, laid on a unique bronze couch (Kline). Dendrochronological dating of the chamber timbers yielded c. 530 BC. The total gold weight in the grave is estimated at approximately 600 g, distributed across multiple body zones and objects. The burial was associated with the Hohenasperg Furstensitz, located approximately 10 km to the east. Finds are displayed in the Landesmuseum Wurttemberg, Stuttgart (Biel 1985; Krausse 2006). [Source: 04_burials.md, 05_elite_seats.md, 06_material_culture.md]

This investigation report is structured by body zone, proceeding head to foot and then to carried/held/associated objects. For each artifact, the evidence quality is rated: ★★★ directly attested from the Hochdorf burial; ★★ attested from analogous Ha D princely graves (Grafenbuhl, Hohmichele, Magdalenenberg) or inferred from situla art; ★ speculative or reconstructed from fragmentary evidence.

1. HEAD

1.1 Birch-Bark Conical Hat

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore a conical hat made of birch bark (Biel 1985). This object is unique in the Hallstatt funerary record and has no direct parallels from other princely graves, though conical/pointed headgear appears prominently in situla art. The birch-bark hat was found in association with the skull and has been interpreted as a ceremonial head covering rather than everyday wear. Its form — a pointed cone — recalls the pointed caps or “Phrygian-type” headgear depicted on elite figures in the upper register of the Vace situla (early 5th century BC, National Museum of Slovenia), where the chieftain figure riding in the largest carriage wears a conical cap. [Source: A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 7; A8_situla_art_costume.md section 1; Biel 1985]

Interpretive Debate: The relationship between the Hochdorf birch-bark hat and situla art depictions of conical headgear is suggestive but not conclusive. Situla art shows multiple hat types on elite male figures: conical/pointed caps, broad-brimmed hats (particularly in feasting scenes on the Kuffarn situla, where a seated drinker wears a wide-brimmed hat — NHM Wien, NHMW-PRAE-17.036), and bare-headed figures. It remains unclear whether the wide-brimmed hat and the conical hat represent different social contexts (feasting vs. ceremony), different regional traditions, or simply different individuals. The Hochdorf hat is the only directly preserved example of elite Hallstatt headgear; all other evidence is iconographic. [Source: A5_headgear_hair.md; A8_situla_art_costume.md section 3]

Generalisability: LOW. The birch-bark hat is attested only from Hochdorf. No other Ha D princely grave has yielded preserved headgear. We cannot determine whether all Ha D princes wore conical birch-bark hats, whether other materials (felt, leather, fur) were used, or whether the hat form varied regionally. For a generic Ha D princely male figure, both the conical hat and the wide-brimmed hat are defensible choices, but neither can be universally applied.

1.2 Hair

Evidence: ★ (speculative). The Hochdorf chieftain’s hair does not survive. There is no direct evidence for hairstyle or hair treatment in Ha D male princely burials. Situla art figures sometimes show hair rendered as simple lines or short-cropped styles beneath headgear. Bronze razors are found in elite male graves (one was found at Hochdorf — ★★★), suggesting facial grooming, but we cannot determine whether this means clean-shaven, trimmed beard, or moustache. [Source: 04_burials.md; Biel 1985]

Interpretive Debate: Academic experiments on Hallstatt-period hair and veil dress have focused primarily on female hairstyles using pins and spiral coils (see A5_headgear_hair.md entry on “Experimente zur Haar- und Schleiertracht in der Hallstattzeit” on Academia.edu). Male hairstyles remain almost entirely unknown.

2. NECK

2.1 Gold Torc (Halsring)

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore a gold neck ring (torc) of twisted gold wire with buffer terminals. The torc is decorated with geometric designs in repoussee, with patterns arranged in linear registers. It is open at the back (not a closed ring), with strongly sculptural external profiles with raised bands. The gold torc was found in situ around the neck. [Source: A6_jewellery.md section 1.2; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entries 7, 9; Biel 1985]

Comparanda: The Vix burial (c. 500 BC) also contained a gold torc weighing 480 g, though this was found on a female individual and has Pegasus-terminal decoration of a different character. Gold neck rings are otherwise extremely rare in Ha D burials — most princely graves were looted, making it impossible to determine how common gold torcs were. Bronze neck rings are more common in the general population. The Hochdorf torc is stylistically distinct from the Vix torc, suggesting individual craftsmanship rather than a standardised type. [Source: A6_jewellery.md section 1.1; 06_material_culture.md section 5]

Generalisability: MODERATE. Gold torcs are attested at Hochdorf and Vix, and were likely markers of the highest elite status. However, whether all Ha D princely males wore gold torcs is unknown. Some princely males may have worn bronze torcs or no neck ring.

3. TORSO — Upper Body Garment

3.1 Tunic / Upper Garment

Evidence: ★★ (Hochdorf textiles, fragmentary). Johanna Banck-Burgess (1999) analysed the textile remains from the Hochdorf burial in her doctoral research. The chamber walls were lined with textiles, and the body was wrapped in textiles. Garment fragments were preserved through contact with bronze objects. The textile evidence indicates finely woven woollen fabric in twill weave (Koperbindung), with some evidence of tablet-woven borders. The exact cut of the upper garment cannot be fully reconstructed, but the evidence is consistent with a tunic-like upper body garment, possibly knee-length or longer, with tablet-woven decorative bands at the edges. [Source: A2_costume_reconstruction.md entries 7, 11; A1_mine_textiles.md; Banck-Burgess 1999]

Situla art depictions of elite males typically show a belted tunic reaching to mid-thigh or knee. Some figures appear to wear longer robes. The Vace situla and Certosa situla both show seated or standing elite male figures in belted tunics. In some depictions, the tunic appears fitted rather than loose. [Source: A8_situla_art_costume.md sections 1, 2]

Colour evidence: Hallstatt textiles from the salt mines demonstrate use of weld (yellow), woad (blue), iron-tannin black, and madder (red) as dyes, with patterns including plaids, stripes, and solid colours. The Hochdorf textiles show evidence of red-brown and possibly dark-coloured fabrics, though exact colours are altered by preservation conditions. A princely garment would likely have been of fine wool in a complex twill weave with dyed patterns — possibly plaid or stripe — and tablet-woven decorative borders in contrasting colours. [Source: A1_mine_textiles.md; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 15 (EXARC reconstruction using 2/2 twill, green/brown plaid)]

Generalisability: MODERATE. The tunic form is broadly supported by both textile evidence and situla art. The specific fabric, colour, and patterning would vary by individual and region.

3.2 Cloak / Mantle

Evidence: ★★ (situla art, general textile evidence). Situla art scenes frequently show figures wearing cloaks draped over one or both shoulders, sometimes pinned with fibulae. The Certosa situla (c. 600-550 BC, Museo Civico Archeologico, Bologna) shows armed men in the upper register with cloaks fastened at the shoulder. Whether the Hochdorf chieftain wore a cloak is uncertain — the textile assemblage includes multiple fabric types, but their assignment to specific garment forms is not always secure. A cloak or mantle would be expected as part of an elite male ensemble based on situla art evidence. [Source: A8_situla_art_costume.md sections 1, 2; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 3]

4. TORSO — Dress Fastenings

4.1 Gold and Bronze Serpentine Fibulae

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). Four fibulae were found on the upper chest of the Hochdorf chieftain: two gold and two bronze, all of the serpentine type (Schlangenfibel). Each gold fibula measures approximately 6.1-6.5 cm in length and weighs 16-18 grams, composed of seven separately worked parts. The serpentine fibula is a diagnostic Ha D1 type, featuring a sinuously curved bow (hence “snake-like”) with a spring mechanism. The fibulae were positioned on the upper chest, indicating they fastened a garment at or near the shoulders/collar area, consistent with securing a tunic or cloak. [Source: A3_fibulae.md entry 15; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 8; Biel 1985]

The Mansfeld typological system classifies serpentine fibulae as stage S4 (Ha D1), making them chronologically diagnostic. Bronze serpentine fibulae are well-known from the Wellcome Collection (two examples: A3_fibulae.md entries 12-13) and from various other Ha D1 contexts. However, gold serpentine fibulae are unique to Hochdorf — no other burial has produced gold examples of this type. [Source: A3_fibulae.md; 06_material_culture.md section 3]

Generalisability: MODERATE for fibula type; LOW for gold material. Ha D1 princely males would wear serpentine-type fibulae (or related Ha D1 types), but gold fibulae may be unique to Hochdorf. Other princely males likely wore bronze fibulae of the same type, possibly with coral or amber inlay.

5. WAIST

5.1 Gold Belt Plate (Gurtelblech)

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore a gold-covered leather belt with an elaborate gold belt plate. The belt plate is a sheet-gold covered leather belt, one of the most spectacular Hallstatt-period belt fittings ever found. It features repoussee decoration with geometric patterns. [Source: A4_belt_plates.md entry 20; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 9; Biel 1985]

Comparanda: Bronze belt plates (Gurtelbleche) are one of the most common prestige objects in Hallstatt burials, particularly in the eastern zone (Hallstatt cemetery, Kleinklein, Slovenian sites). However, in the western Hallstatt zone, belt plates are less common than in the east, and the Hochdorf gold belt is exceptional. Most Ha D western zone belt fittings are belt hooks (Gurtelhaken) rather than the large decorated sheet-bronze plates typical of the east. The NHM Wien holds 3D scans of bronze belt hooks from the Hallstatt cemetery (Graves 270 and 208). [Source: A4_belt_plates.md entries 1-2, 6; 06_material_culture.md section 7.1]

Gender note: In the eastern Hallstatt zone, elaborately decorated belt plates occur more frequently in female graves, while plainer examples occur in male graves (A4_belt_plates.md context section). The Hochdorf belt, as a gold-covered piece, is unique and cannot be classified within standard typological frameworks.

Generalisability: LOW for gold material; MODERATE for belt-plate presence. A Ha D princely male would certainly wear a belt, probably with a metal closure of some kind. The gold belt is specific to Hochdorf.

5.2 Iron Dagger with Gold-Covered Hilt and Scabbard (at waist)

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain carried an iron dagger with an antenna-form pommel, entirely covered in sheet gold. The dagger measures 42 cm in total length, with approximately 100 g of gold foil covering. It was positioned at the waist, worn on the gold belt. This is a classic Ha D weapon: in the western Hallstatt zone, daggers replace the Ha C long swords as the primary weapon deposited in elite male graves during Ha D (Sievers 1982). [Source: B6_weapons.md entry 17 (UT Austin hochdorf8.php); 06_material_culture.md section 6.2; Biel 1985]

Typological significance: The transition from long swords (Gundlingen, Mindelheim, antenna swords of Ha C) to short daggers in Ha D is one of the most important weapon typology shifts in the Hallstatt period. It has been interpreted as reflecting changes in warfare practices, social display conventions, or both. The Hochdorf dagger retains the antenna-form pommel from the earlier sword tradition but in miniaturised form. [Source: 06_material_culture.md sections 6.1, 6.2]

Generalisability: HIGH for dagger presence; LOW for gold covering. All Ha D western zone princely males would be expected to carry daggers rather than long swords. The gold covering is specific to Hochdorf.

CRITICAL RULE: No Ha C long swords should appear on a Ha D figure. The dagger is the correct weapon for this period and region. Long swords (Gundlingen, Mindelheim types) are Ha C artifacts and must be excluded.

6. ARMS / HANDS

6.1 Gold Arm Ring (Armring)

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore a gold arm ring (bracelet) on his right arm. Like the torc, it is open on the inside with a strongly sculptural external profile with raised bands, decorated with geometric designs in repoussee. [Source: A6_jewellery.md section 1.2; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 9; Biel 1985]

Comparanda: Bronze arm rings are extremely common in Hallstatt burials and are one of the most typologically varied personal ornament categories. Gold arm rings are very rare and restricted to the highest-status burials. The Grafenbuhl tumulus near Asperg contained sheet gold fragments, suggesting similar gold ornaments were present before looting (Zurn 1970). [Source: A6_jewellery.md sections 2.1-2.4; 04_burials.md section 4.5]

Generalisability: HIGH for arm ring presence (bronze); LOW for gold material.

6.2 Amber Ornaments

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore amber jewellery in addition to the gold pieces. Amber from Baltic sources is present throughout Hallstatt-period elite graves (Ha C onward) as beads, pendants, and fibula inlays. [Source: A6_jewellery.md section 4.1; Wikipedia Hochdorf page via A6_jewellery.md; 06_material_culture.md section 7.3]

Generalisability: MODERATE. Amber ornaments are widely attested in elite Hallstatt burials across both zones.

7. LEGS / LOWER BODY

7.1 Trousers or Leg Wrappings

Evidence: ★ (speculative/iconographic). There is no direct textile evidence for the form of Ha D male leg coverings from any western Hallstatt site. Situla art provides the primary evidence: some figures appear to wear tight-fitting garments on the legs (possibly trousers or sewn leggings), while others appear to have bare legs or to wear leg wrappings (Wickelgamaschen). The interpretation of situla art leg coverings is complicated by artistic convention — bare legs may reflect stylistic simplification rather than actual nudity. [Source: A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 23 (HouseBarra: “tight-fitting garments”)]

The academic resource at HouseBarra notes that the oldest depictions of Celtic clothing come from the Hallstatt period (~500 BC), showing men wearing “tight-fitting garments, tunics resembling cutaway coats, and shoes with upturned toes.” Whether these tight-fitting garments represent trousers, hose, or leg wrappings remains debated. [Source: A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 23]

Generalisability: UNKNOWN. This is one of the most significant evidence gaps for Ha D male costume reconstruction. For a prompt, a conservative choice would be either plain woollen trousers or leg wrappings over bare legs, flagging both as speculative.

8. FEET

8.1 Gold-Covered Pointed Shoes

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The Hochdorf chieftain wore shoes with gold foil appliques. The gold coverings preserve the shoe form: pointed toes curving upward. Very thin gold foil strips were sewn onto leather shoes with horseshoe-shaped toe bands. The design is worked in repoussee in three registers separated by lines or ridges. The leather itself has perished, but the gold preserves the original form conclusively. [Source: A7_footwear.md section 3; A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 10; A6_jewellery.md section 6; Biel 1985]

Comparanda: Leather shoes from the Hallstatt and Durrnberg salt mines (preserved by salt saturation) are made from single pieces of untanned cowhide, shaped around the foot and stitched or laced. The NHM Wien holds a 3D-scanned example (NHMW-PRAE-89.085). However, these are miners’ working shoes and likely differ substantially from elite footwear. The Hochdorf gold shoe ornaments indicate that elite shoes were of a different form: pointed-toed, presumably of tanned and worked leather, and decorated. [Source: A7_footwear.md sections 1, 3]

The pointed/upturned toe form is corroborated by the HouseBarra resource which notes “shoes with upturned toes” in Hallstatt depictions (A2_costume_reconstruction.md entry 23) and by some situla art depictions where footwear is visible (A7_footwear.md section 4).

Generalisability: LOW for gold covering; MODERATE for pointed/upturned toe form. The shoe form with upturned toes appears to be an elite style, but gold covering is unique to Hochdorf.

9. ASSOCIATED OBJECTS — NOT WORN BUT ESSENTIAL TO THE SCENE

9.1 Bronze Couch (Kline) with Caryatid Figures

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The bronze couch/recliner, approximately 2.75 m long, supported by eight female figural bronze caryatids on wheels. The couch back had stamped decorative scenes showing wagons and dancers. Natural fibres and textiles were attached to rings at the back. This object is unparalleled anywhere in the Hallstatt world — or indeed in any contemporary European culture north of the Alps. It has been interpreted as a Celtic adaptation of the Greek symposion couch (kline), though its form is distinctive. [Source: B7_feasting_equipment.md entry 26; 04_burials.md section 5.1; Biel 1985]

Generalisability: ZERO. The bronze couch is unique to Hochdorf. No other Hallstatt burial has produced anything comparable. It should be used only in Hochdorf-specific scenes, not as a generic Ha D princely furnishing.

9.2 Greek Bronze Cauldron (~500 litres capacity)

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). The cauldron is of Greek manufacture, probably from a Magna Graecian (South Italian Greek) workshop. It stood approximately 80 cm high (without lion attachments), with a capacity of approximately 500 litres. Three bronze lion figures decorated the rim; lion 3 was a local (Celtic) replacement, indicating the vessel had been in use and repaired before deposition. The cauldron contained residues interpreted as a mead-like beverage based on pollen analysis. [Source: B7_feasting_equipment.md entries 1-3; 04_burials.md section 5.1; 05_elite_seats.md section 3; Biel 1985; Krausse 2006]

Generalisability: LOW for this specific vessel; MODERATE for Greek/Mediterranean bronze vessels in princely graves. The Grafenbuhl burial contained an Etruscan bronze tripod. The Vix burial contained the monumental krater. Large Mediterranean bronze vessels were evidently a standard prestige good in Ha D princely graves, though each example is distinct.

9.3 Nine Drinking Horns

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). Nine drinking horns were mounted on the south wall of the chamber: one large iron-hooped horn of aurochs horn holding approximately 5.5 litres, and eight smaller horns with gold fittings. [Source: B7_feasting_equipment.md entry 7; 04_burials.md section 5.1; Biel 1985]

Generalisability: MODERATE. Drinking horns appear in other elite contexts and in situla art feasting scenes. They are plausible as generic Ha D feasting equipment.

9.4 Four-Wheeled Wagon

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). An iron-plated four-wheeled wagon with elaborate bronze fittings occupied nearly half the burial chamber. The east side of the wagon held a set of bronze dishes — a complete feasting service. The wagon was made of wood, almost completely covered with iron bands and fittings, some functional, most decorative or reinforcing. [Source: B8_transport_equipment.md entries 1-6; 04_burials.md sections 4.2, 5.1; 06_material_culture.md section 9; Pare 1992; Biel 1985]

Generalisability: HIGH. Four-wheeled wagon burials are one of the defining features of Ha D princely graves across the western zone. The Vix burial, Grafenbuhl, Magdalenenberg central burial, and Hohmichele all contained wagons. Pare (1992) catalogued over 70 four-wheeled wagon burials from the Hallstatt period.

9.5 Bronze Dishes and Feasting Service

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). A set of nine bronze dishes was found on the wagon, constituting a complete dining/serving set for nine people. [Source: B7_feasting_equipment.md entries 8-9; Biel 1985; Krausse 2006]

9.6 Bronze Razor and Iron Fishing Hooks

Evidence: ★★★ (Hochdorf). Personal grooming and utility items: a bronze razor and iron fishing hooks. The razor indicates facial grooming practices (see section 1.2). Fishing hooks suggest a connection to aquatic resources or leisure. [Source: 04_burials.md section 5.1; Biel 1985]

10. REGIONAL CORRECTNESS CHECK — WESTERN vs. EASTERN HALLSTATT

The Hochdorf burial falls firmly within the Western Hallstatt zone (southwest Germany, Furstensitze sphere). The following artifacts and conventions are EXCLUSIVE to or characteristic of the western zone in Ha D:

Daggers replace swords as the primary weapon type in elite male graves (eastern zone retains long swords and adds defensive armour).
No helmets, cuirasses, or greaves are present at Hochdorf or any other western Ha D princely grave. Defensive armour (Negau helmets, bronze cuirasses, greaves) is an eastern Hallstatt phenomenon (Kleinklein, Sticna, Novo Mesto). Negau helmets are particularly associated with the eastern zone and are Etruscan-derived forms from the 5th-4th centuries BC — they MUST NOT be placed on a western Ha D figure.
Gold-covered personal items (torc, belt, fibulae, dagger, shoes) as opposed to bronze-sheet face masks and hand covers (eastern zone, Kleinklein).
Greek/Massaliote imports (cauldron, wine amphorae at Heuneburg) vs. Adriatic/Italic imports in the eastern zone.
Inhumation rather than the cremation still common in the eastern zone during Ha D.

Artifacts that MUST NOT appear on this figure type:

Ha C long swords (Gundlingen, Mindelheim, full-size antenna swords)
Negau-type helmets (eastern Ha D / early La Tene)
Bronze cuirasses or greaves (eastern zone)
Situla art-decorated situlae as personal possessions (eastern zone production)
La Tene art style (curvilinear, vegetal motifs — post-Ha D)
Two-wheeled chariots (La Tene innovation)

11. PHASE CORRECTNESS CHECK — Ha D1/D2 (620-500 BC)

Artifacts that ARE phase-correct for Ha D1/D2 in the western zone:

Serpentine fibulae (Schlangenfibeln) — diagnostic Ha D1 type ✓
Short daggers with antenna-form pommels (replacing Ha C long swords) ✓
Gold torcs and arm rings ✓
Four-wheeled wagons ✓
Mediterranean imports (Greek bronze vessels, Massaliote amphorae) ✓
Painted pottery (Hallstatt Buntkeramik) — though declining by Ha D2 ✓
Coral inlay on metal objects (appears Ha D onward) ✓
Birch-bark conical hat ✓

Artifacts that are NOT phase-correct:

Certosa-type fibulae (Ha D2-D3 and later; barely acceptable for late Ha D2) — use with caution
Crossbow-construction fibulae (Ha D2-D3 and later) — use with caution
Any La Tene art or artifact types

12. EVIDENCE GAPS

The following elements lack direct evidence and must be flagged as reconstructive choices:

Hair/hairstyle — entirely unknown for Ha D princely males
Leg coverings — no direct textile evidence; situla art ambiguous
Undergarments — no evidence
Cloak form — supported by situla art but not directly attested at Hochdorf
Tunic cut/pattern — the Hochdorf textiles confirm fine wool in complex weave, but the garment’s exact shape cannot be reconstructed with certainty
Whether other Ha D princes wore birch-bark hats — Hochdorf is the only example
Footwear material and construction — the gold preserves the form, but the underlying leather is lost
Specific textile colours on the Hochdorf garments — altered by preservation

13. KEY BIBLIOGRAPHY

Banck-Burgess, J. 1999. Die Textilfunde aus dem spathallattzeitlichen Furstengrab von Eberdingen-Hochdorf (Kr. Ludwigsburg) und weitere Grabtextilien aus hallstatt- und latenezeitlichen Kulturgruppen. Hochdorf III. Stuttgart: Theiss.
Biel, J. 1985. Der Keltenfurst von Hochdorf. Stuttgart: Theiss.
Krausse, D. 2006. Hochdorf III: Das Trink- und Speiseservice aus dem spathallstattzeitlichen Furstengrab von Eberdingen-Hochdorf. Stuttgart: Theiss.
Pare, C.F.E. 1992. Wagons and Wagon-Graves of the Early Iron Age in Central Europe. Oxford.
Parzinger, H. 1988. Chronologie der Spathallstatt- und Fruhlatenezeit. Weinheim.
Sievers, S. 1982. Die mitteleuropaischen Hallstattzeitdolche. PBF VI/6.
Zurn, H. 1970. Hallstattforschungen in Nordwurttemberg. Stuttgart.

14. CORPUS FILES CONSULTED

hallstatt_research/04_burials.md — sections 4.1-4.6, 5.1-5.3, 6.3
hallstatt_research/05_elite_seats.md — sections 3 (Hohenasperg), 4.2 (Vix)
hallstatt_research/06_material_culture.md — sections 3, 5, 6.1-6.2, 7, 8, 9
visual_references/A2_costume_reconstruction.md — entries 3, 7-12, 15, 18, 23
visual_references/A3_fibulae.md — entries 12-15, 25
visual_references/A4_belt_plates.md — entries 1-2, 6, 20-21
visual_references/A5_headgear_hair.md — sections 1, 2
visual_references/A6_jewellery.md — sections 1.2, 2, 4, 6
visual_references/A7_footwear.md — sections 1, 3, 4
visual_references/A8_situla_art_costume.md — sections 1, 2, 3
visual_references/B6_weapons.md — entries 8-11, 17
visual_references/B7_feasting_equipment.md — entries 1-3, 7-9, 26
visual_references/B8_transport_equipment.md — entries 1-6